Changed Forever

The second volume of the first in-depth study of a range of literature written by Native Americans who attended government-run boarding schools.

After a theoretical and historical introduction to American Indian boarding-school literature, Changed Forever, Volume II examines the autobiographical writings of a number of Native Americans who attended the federal Indian boarding schools. Considering a wide range of tribal writers, some of them well known-like Charles Eastman, Luther Standing Bear, and Zitkala-Sa-but most of them little known-like Walter Littlemoon, Adam Fortunate Eagle, Reuben Snake, and Edna Manitowabi, among others-the book offers the first wide-ranging assessment of their texts and their thoughts about their experiences at the schools.

Arnold Krupat is Professor Emeritus, Sarah Lawrence College and the author of many books, including Changed Forever, Volume 1: American Indian Boarding-School Literature and "That the People Might Live": Loss and Renewal in Native American Elegy.